The IMO Guidelines for Ships Operating in Arctic Ice-covered Waters. From Voluntary to Mandatory Tool for Navigation Safety and Environmental Protection?
By Øystein Jensen, Fridtjof Nansen Institute
This report explores whether there is a need for strengthened and binding shipping regulations for the safety of navigation and protection of the Arctic marine environment. The various maritime, geopolitical and legal issues raised by the IMO Guidelines for Ships Operating in Arctic Ice-covered Waters are analyzed and discussed.